MgB2: superconductivity and pressure effects

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We present a Ginzburg-Landau theory for a two-band superconductor with emphasis on MgB₂. Experiments are proposed which lead to identification of the possible scenarios: whether both σ- and π-bands superconduct or σ% -alone. According to the second scenario a microscopic theory of superconducting MgB₂ is proposed based on the strongly interacting % σ-electrons and non-correlated π-electrons of boron ions. The kinematic and Coulomb interactions of σ% -electrons provide the superconducting state with an anisotropic gap of s% *-wave symmetry. The critical temperature Tc has a non-monotonic dependence on the distance r between the centers of gravity of σ- and π-bands. The position of MgB₂ on a bell-shaped curve Tc (% r) is identified in the overdoped region. The derived superconducting density of electronic states is in agreement with available experimental and theoretical data. It is argued that the effects of pressure are crucial to identify the microscopic origin of superconductivity in MgB₂. Possibilities for Tc increase are discussed.