Scaling and universality in the anisotropic Kondo model and the dissipative two-state system

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Scaling and universality in the Ohmic two-state system is investigated by exploiting the equivalence of this model to the anisotropic Kondo model. For the Ohmic two-state system, we find universal scaling functions for the specific heat, Cα(T), static susceptibility, χα(T), and spin relaxation function Sα(ω) depending on the reduced temperature T/Δᵣ (frequency ω/Δᵣ), with Δᵣ the renormalized tunneling frequency, and uniquely specified by the dissipation strength α (0<α<1). The scaling functions can be used to extract α and Δᵣ in experimental realizations.