New Structural Quantum Circuit Simulating a Toffoli Gate

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A Toffoli gate (Cⁿ-NOT gate) is regarded as an important unitary gate in quantum computation, and is simulated by a quantum circuit composed of C²-NOT gates. This paper presents a quantum circuit with a new configuration of C²-NOT gates simulating a C²ᵐ⁺¹-NOT operation under the condition m=2ⁿ (n=1,2,...). The circuit is composed of units called multi-qubits gates (MQGs), each of which performs m C²-NOT operations simultaneously on 3m qubits. Simultaneous operations eliminate the need to manipulate qubits individually, as required in conventional quantum circuits. The proposed circuit thus represents a more realistic mode of operation for practical computing systems. A nuclear magnetic resonance implementation of the circuit is presented as a demonstration of the feasibility of MQG operations for practical systems.