Subbarrier heavy ion fusion enhanced by nucleon transfer and subbarrier fusion of nuclei far from the line of β-stability

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We discuss a model for the description of subbarrier fusion of heavy ions which takes into account the coupling to the low-energy surface vibrational states and to the few-nucleon transfer with arbitrary reaction Q-value. The fusion reactions ²⁸,³⁰Si+⁵⁸,⁶²,⁶⁴Ni, ⁴⁰Ca+⁹⁰,⁹⁶Zr, ²⁸S+⁹⁴,¹⁰⁰Mo, ¹⁶,¹⁸,²⁰,²²,²⁴O+⁵⁸Ni and ²⁸Si+¹²⁴,¹²⁶,¹²⁸,¹³⁰,¹³²Sn are analyzed in detail. The model describes rather well the experimental fusion cross section and mean angular momentum for reactions between nuclei near the β-stability line. It is shown that these quantities are significantly enhanced by few-nucleon transfer with large positive Q-value. A shape independent parameterization of the heavy ion potential at distances smaller then the touching point is proposed.