Spectral classification of the mass donors in the high-mass X-ray binaries EXO 1722-363 and OAO 1657-415

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We report near-infrared observations of the mass donors of the eclipsing high-mass X-ray binary (HMXB) systems EXO 1722-363 and OAO 1657-415 in order to derive their accurate spectral classifications. We determined that EXO 1722-363 was of spectral type B0 - B1 Ia, positioned at a distance 8.0 +2.5/-2.0 kpc with a progenitor mass in the range 30 - 40 Mₛun. Luminosity calculations imply that Lₓ 10³5 - 10³7 erg s-1 for this distance range. We conclude that EXO 1722-363 shares many of the properties associated with other X-ray binary B-type supergiant donors. We found that OAO 1657-415 correlates closely with the spectra of a class of transitional objects, the Ofpe/WNL, an intermediate evolutionary stage between massive O type stars leaving the main sequence and evolving into Wolf-Rayets. Due to the wide range range in Luminosity displayed by Ofpe/WNL stars, (log L/Lₛun 5.3 - 6.2) distance determinations are problematic. For OAO 1657-415 we report a distance of 4.4 <= d <= 12 kpc, implying an X-ray luminosity of 1.5 x 10³6 <= Lₓ <= 10³7 erg s-1. We have used our new classification of OAO 1657-415 to explain the physical processes responsible for its unique position within the Corbet diagram. Ofpe/WNL stars demonstrate a high rate of mass-loss through a dense stellar wind combined with a low terminal velocity. This combination of wind properties leads to a high accretion rate and transfer of angular momentum to the neutron star in this system. We believe this in turn leads to a smaller instantaneous equilibrium spin period with respect to normal OB supergiants.