TeV Neutrinos and GeV Photons from Shock Breakout in Supernovae

الأصل · EN

We show that as a Type II supernova shock breaks out of its progenitor star, it becomes collisionless and may accelerate protons to energies >10 TeV. Inelastic nuclear collisions of these protons produce a 1 hr long flash of TeV neutrinos and 10 GeV photons, about 10 hr after the thermal (10 MeV) neutrino burst from the cooling neutron star. A Galactic supernova in a red supergiant star would produce a photon and neutrino flux of 10⁻⁴ erg/cm² s. A km² neutrino detector will detect 100 muons, thus allowing to constrain both supernova models and neutrino properties.