Quantum Nucleardynamics as an SU(2)ₙ x U(1)Z Gauge Theory

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It is illustrated that quantum nucleardynamics (QND) as an SU(2)ₙ x U(1)Z gauge theory, which is generated from quantum chromodynamics (QCD) as an SU(3)C gauge theory through dynamical spontaneous symmetry breaking, successfully describes nuclear phenomena at low energies. The proton and neutron assigned as a strong isospin doublet are identified as a colorspin plus weak isospin doublet. Massive gluon mediates strong interactions with the effective coupling constant Gᵣ/√2 = gₙ²/8 MG² ≃ 10 GeV⁻² just like Fermi weak constant GF/√2 = gw²/8 MW² ≃ 10⁻⁵ GeV⁻² in the Glashow-Weinberg-Salam model where gₙ and gw are the coupling constants and MG and MW are the gauge boson masses. Several explicit evidences such as cross sections, lifetimes, nucleon-nucleon scattering, magnetic dipole moment, nuclear potential, gamma decay, etc. are shown in support of QND. The baryon number conservation is the consequence of the U(1)Z gauge theory and the proton number conservation is the consequence of the U(1)f gauge theory.