Highly efficient multilayer organic pure-blue-light emitting diodes with substituted carbazoles compounds in the emitting layer

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Bright blue organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) based on 1,4,5,8,N-pentamethylcarbazole (PMC) and on dimer of N-ethylcarbazole (N,N'-diethyl-3,3'-bicarbazyl) (DEC) as emitting layers or as dopants in a 4,4'-bis(2,2'-diphenylvinyl)-1,1'-biphenyl (DPVBi) matrix are described. Pure blue-light with the C.I.E. coordinates x = 0.153 y = 0.100, electroluminescence efficiency ηEL of 0.4 cd/A, external quantum efficiency ηext. of 0.6% and luminance L of 236 cd/m2 (at 60 mA/cm2) were obtained with PMC as an emitter and the 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenantroline (BCP) as a hole-blocking material in five-layer emitting devices. The highest efficiencies ηEL. of 4.7 cd/A, and ηext = 3.3% were obtained with a four-layer structure and a DPVBi DEC-doped active layer (CIE coordinates x = 0.158, y=0.169, λpeak = 456 nm). The ηext. value is one the highest reported at this wavelength for blue OLEDs and is related to an internal quantum efficiency up to 20%.