Newton stratification for polynomials: the open stratum

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In this paper we consider the Newton polygons of L-functions coming from additive exponential sums associated to a polynomial over a finite field. These polygons define a stratification of the space of polynomials of fixed degree. We determine the open stratum: we give the generic Newton polygon for polynomials of degree d≥ 2 when the characteristic p is greater than 3d, and the Hasse polynomial, i.e. the equation defining the hypersurface complementary to the open stratum.