Modern Cosmological Models with Dark Matter and Their Confrontation with Observational Data

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New systematic classification of cosmological models of the present Universe is introduced. After making the comparison of these models with all existing observational data three viable models remain: the cold dark matter model with the cosmological constant (which becomes the most reasonable one if the Hubble constant H₀>60 km/s/Mpc); the mixed cold-hot dark matter model (models with two and especially three types of neutrinos with equal masses are in a slightly better agreement with observational data than the model with one massive neutrino); the pure cold dark matter model with a step-like initial spectrum of perturbations. The two latter models require H₀≤ 60 km/s/Mpc.