How to observe the localization law σ(ω) (-iω) for conductivity?

الأصل · EN

The Berezinskii localization law σ(ω) (-iω) for frequency-dependent conductivity was never questioned from the theoretical side, but never observed experimentally. In fact, this result is valid for closed systems, while most of actual systems are open. We discuss several possibilities for observation of this law and experimental difficulties arising at this way.