Good Abundances from Bad Spectra:II. Application and a New Stellar Color--Temperature Relation

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Stellar spectra derived from current multiple-object fiber-fed spectroscopic radial-velocity surveys, of the type feasible with, among other examples, AUTOFIB, 2dF, HYDRA, NESSIE, and the Sloan survey, differ significantly from those traditionally used for determination of stellar abundances. The spectra tend to be of moderate resolution (around 1Å) and signal-to-noise ratio (around 10-20 per resolution element), and cannot usually have reliable continuum shapes determined over wavelength ranges in excess of a few tens of Angstroms. Nonetheless, we have developed techniques to extract true iron abundances and surface gravities from such spectra of G-type stars in the 4000--5000Å wavelength region. The theoretical basis and calibration using synthetic spectra are described in detail in another paper. The practical application of these techniques to observational data is given in the present paper. We show that this method can provide true iron abundances, with an uncertainty of less than 0.2 dex over the range of metallicity found in the Galactic thick and thin disks, from spectra obtained with fiber-fed spectrographs.