Determinations of upper critical field in continuous Ginzburg-Landau model

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Novel procedures to determine the upper critical field Bc₂ have been proposed within a continuous Ginzburg-Landau model. Unlike conventional methods, where Bc₂ is obtained through the determination of the smallest eigenvalue of an appropriate eigen equation, the square of the magnetic field is treated as eigenvalue problems so that the upper critical field can be directly deduced. The calculated Bc₂ from the two procedures are consistent with each other and in reasonably good agreement with existing theories and experiments. The profile of the order parameter associated with Bc₂ is found to be Gaussian-like, further validating the methodology proposed. The convergences of the two procedures are also studied.