A multi-wavelength analysis of the cluster of galaxies ABCG 194

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(Abridged) We present a morphological and structural analysis of the Richness zero cluster ABCG 194, known as a ``linear cluster'', based on a catalogue of 97 galaxies with B magnitudes and redshifts, a ROSAT PSPC image and radio data. The overall large scale structure is rather smooth and comparable at optical and X-ray wavelengths. The cluster is elongated along PA ≈ 50; however it appears as ``linear'' when taking into account only galaxies in the very central part (the axial ratio varies from 0.2 in the central region to 0.8 for a larger region). We have obtained the galaxy and X-ray emitting gas density profiles and estimated the X-ray gas and dynamical masses. At smaller scales, the analysis of both positions and velocities reveals the existence of several groups; a main structure with a nearly gaussian velocity distribution is exhibited. The velocity dispersion is small (σlos = 360). A wavelet analysis of the X-ray image reveals no large scale substructures. Small scale X-ray sources are detected, mainly corresponding to individual galaxies. ABCG 194 is overall a poor and cold relaxed cluster. We compare how its characteristics fit into various correlations found in the literature, but generally for richer/hotter clusters.